10 Skills Every Aspiring AI Engineer Should Learn
Do AI Engineers really speak in code, see the world in binary, and eat data for breakfast? Well, not quite. While AI Engineers are deeply immersed in data and algorithms, their role extends beyond crunching numbers and writing code.
Are you fascinated by the world of Artificial Intelligence and dreaming of becoming an AI Engineer? Whether you’re just starting out or looking to enhance your skills, mastering these 10 essential competencies will set you on the path to success:
1. AI Engineers can program 👨💻
While ‘speaking in code’ might be an exaggeration, AI Engineers need strong skills in programming languages. Python in particular is widely used in the ML/AI ecosystem due to its readability and extensive AI-related libraries. Beyond Python, AI Engineers rely on a variety of tools for data manipulation, visualization, and building machine learning models. They also take on natural language processing tasks and need a firm grasp of APIs to integrate powerful models like OpenAI’s GPT into applications. And there’s even more to the story: AI Engineers need to understand the full application lifecycle, including cloud services, containerization with Docker, and orchestration with Kubernetes. It’s quite the mouthful, isn’t it?
Consider this real-life example: An AI Engineer starts by using Matplotlib to explore and visualize data. They then fine-tune a ResNet model for a computer vision task using PyTorch. They write efficient code to preprocess image data, train the model, and implement performance evaluation metrics. Once the model is trained, they deploy it using Docker and Kubernetes, ensuring it’s scalable and maintainable in a production environment. This dynamic mix of skills and tools turns abstract AI concepts into reality.
2. AI Engineers are good at mathematics 🧮
Linear algebra, calculus, and statistics form the backbone of AI algorithms. After all, recognitions and predictions are based on patterns and probabilities, not magic or crystal balls. Take linear algebra: it’s essential for techniques like PCA, which help handle high-dimensional data efficiently. Then there’s calculus, particularly in the form of gradient descent, crucial for optimizing models and understanding how loss functions behave. And finally statistics are key for data analysis, hypothesis testing, and selecting the right evaluation metrics. In sum, mastering math allows AI Engineers to design better models, pick the right metrics, and make smart decisions about improvements.
Picture this: An AI Engineer develops a new model. They start with PCA to simplify a dataset, keeping the key features while reducing noise. They also use gradient descent to fine-tune the model’s parameters, ensuring it performs optimally. Finally, they run a statistical test to compare the new model’s performance with the old one, confirming the improvements are statistically significant. It’s not magic – just math at work.
3. AI Engineers understand Machine Learning 🦾
Ever wonder how AI systems get smarter over time? It’s all thanks to machine learning frameworks that handle tons of data and do complex calculations. Knowing the ML landscape, including the various algorithms and their tradeoffs, helps you choose the right tools for the job and match them to business problems for maximum impact. For instance, deciding when to use ensembles of decision trees versus neural networks based on the problem requirements, data characteristics, and computational resources can lead to more effective AI solutions.
For example: An AI Engineer evaluates multiple algorithms for a fraud detection system. They compare logistic regression, XGBoost, and neural network-based approaches, taking into account the dataset size, feature set, and desired prediction speed. By selecting and training the best-performing model, they improve the system's ability to accurately detect fraudulent transactions.
4. AI Engineers can handle Big Data 📊
AI Engineers sift through rows and columns of data like librarians categorizing a vast collection of books. Managing large datasets efficiently is a core skill for AI Engineers given the data-intensive nature of AI. The scalability of solutions is always an important consideration, and technologies such as Apache Spark, Hadoop, and distributed databases like Cassandra or MongoDB are commonly used to handle big data. An AI Engineer must also consider data storage, retrieval speeds, and efficient data processing pipelines to ensure that their solutions can scale with increasing data volumes.
In real life: An AI Engineer designs a data pipeline using Apache Spark to process massive volumes of customer transaction data for an online retailer. By implementing efficient data cleaning and transformation processes, they ensure high-quality data is fed to the machine learning models, ready to scale as the business grows.
5. AI Engineers know how AI Security works 🛡️
Deploying AI models is only half the battle. Keeping them secure is just as important. AI security involves protecting data, securing models, ensuring safe deployments, and complying with regulations. Secure data handling, including encryption and pseudonymization, safeguards personal information, and hardware security measures and secure cloud environments prevent unauthorized access and cyber threats. AI Engineers build guardrails around AI outputs, integrating business logic to maximize security and effectiveness. Continuous monitoring and regular security audits are crucial for identifying and mitigating vulnerabilities. Understanding and complying with regulations like GDPR and the AI Act ensures AI solutions respect user rights and operate transparently. A trustworthy AI Engineer isn’t just an engineer, but a guardian of data, committed to ensuring the safety of AI systems and their users.
In practice: An AI Engineer implements robust encryption protocols and secures cloud storage solutions to protect sensitive customer data used in training models. They also perform regular security audits and ensure compliance with GDPR by maintaining thorough documentation and transparent data processing practices.
6. AI Engineers are strong at problem-solving 🧩
AI Engineering involves continuously solving complex puzzles. It's like being paid to navigate a never-ending escape room where each solution leads to another intriguing challenge. Problem-solving involves understanding both theory and practice in machine learning and data science. AI Engineers troubleshoot issues at every stage, from data preprocessing and model training to deployment and maintenance. They need to debug and optimize code, understand statistical model outputs, and keep improving models. Effective problem-solving also involves leveraging the right tools and techniques to identify bottlenecks and inefficiencies in the workflow.
Imagine this: An AI Engineer realizes a customer churn model’s predictions are off. They dig into the data, check which features matter most, and spot new customer behaviors that aren’t captured by the current model. They retrain the model with updated data, adjust the feature set, and validate the improvements, getting the model back on track and even better than before.
7. AI Engineers need thorough business knowledge ♟️
AI Engineers don't work in a bubble, so they need to understand the business context in which their solutions will be used. When presenting AI solutions to business stakeholders, AI Engineers must explain technical concepts in an intuitive way and translate them into business impact. Being a good listener is also extremely important – the right questions help them tailor their AI solution to better serve the business needs and refine them as development progresses. AI Engineers need a strong sense for business to align their technical work with the organisations’ strategic goals. This involves understanding market trends, spotting business opportunities, and turning technical solutions into measurable business outcomes. By bridging the gap between AI technology and business strategy, AI Engineers can drive innovation and deliver real value.
For example: An AI Engineer presents a new predictive maintenance model to a client’s executive team. To do so, they should translate technical details into business benefits and show how the model will reduce downtime and save money. By listening to the client’s feedback, they can then tweak the model to better meet the client’s operational needs.
8. AI Engineers are team-players 🤝
AI Engineers work not only with computers but also with people—teammates, colleagues across departments, and clients. They communicate with data analysts, software developers, product managers, and business stakeholders. While technical skills are a must, so is the ability to break down complex tech talk into something everyone can understand. Being open to feedback and considering different perspectives is crucial for effective collaboration. Using collaboration tools and agile methodologies helps AI Engineers streamline workflows, boost productivity, and achieve project goals efficiently.
A real-life example: An AI Engineer is working on a predictive sales forecasting application. They team up with a data analyst to gather and dig into historical sales data. Then, they build and train the forecasting model. Throughout the process, they work with a product manager to ensure the model meets specific needs and aligns with business goals. Finally, they team up with the infrastructure crew to deploy the model in the cloud, making sure it’s scalable and reliable. Regular check-ins and the use of tools like JIRA, Slack, and GitHub keep everyone on the same page and the project running smoothly.
9. AI Engineers thrive on self-directed learning 🧠
AI is a fast-moving field with new technologies emerging regularly. So much like the self-learning AI models they build, AI Engineers must be able to learn and adapt quickly. They face new problems every day. Being able to dig into code documentation and online learning resources is crucial for solving day-to-day problems and making smart design decisions. In the long run, self-directed learning is important to any aspiring AI Engineer. Whether it's learning about the latest advancements in transformer models or new optimization techniques, staying current is key to delivering innovative solutions.
In reality: An AI Engineer regularly joins online workshops and devours the latest research papers on neural networks. They use this fresh knowledge to supercharge a natural language processing model for a client, boosting its accuracy and making it faster at handling customer queries, much like upgrading their AI toolkit to stay ahead in the game.
10. AI Engineers need strong ethical principles ⚖️
With great power comes great responsibility. A good AI Engineer is, most importantly, a good person who sticks to strong ethical principles and recognizes the societal impact of their work. No matter how you look at it, AI technologies significantly impact society and should therefore only be used for good. AI models should be fair, unbiased, and transparent. AI Engineers need to be like vigilant guardians, carefully selecting training data to avoid biases, regularly testing model outputs for fairness, and implementing tools that make their models explainable. They should also consider the bigger picture, ensuring their models don't unfairly impact any demographic group. Ethical AI practices involve making the decision-making processes of AI systems clear and understandable to everyone, ensuring that AI solutions are both technically sound and socially responsible.
Imagine this: An AI Engineer is building a facial recognition model. He needs to ensure the model is trained on a diverse dataset to mitigate biases and implements interpretability tools to make the model’s decision-making process transparent and understandable to all stakeholders.
In conclusion
To succeed as an AI Engineer, you need a blend of a robust foundation in technical skills, strong soft skills and a proactive learning attitude. As technology and AI continue to evolve, AI Engineers who master these 10 essential skills will be well-equipped to navigate the complexities and challenges of AI.
Do you think you have what it takes? Check out our vacancies!
Are you interested to develop these skills and join Radix as an intern? Find out what that means in this blogpost.
